Kingdom Plantae
Phylum / Division Bryophyta
- Examples: moss, liverwort, hornwort
- Non-vascular
- Has no true roots, stems nor leaves
- Absorb water and nutrients directly from the surroundings
- Aquatic or moist terrestrial habitat
- Usually less than 5 cm in size
- Reproduction - sexual or asexual (Alternation of Generations)
Phylum / Division Tracheophyta
- Eukaryotic
- Multicellular
- Vascular - has vessels carrying nutrient-rich sap and water
- Has true, roots stems and leaves
Class Filicopsida (Ferns)
- Vascular, tracheophyte
- Has true roots, stems and leaves
- Damp, shady terrestrial habitat
- Leaves are situated on fronds.
- On the underside of the leaves are brown spots called sori, containing spores.
- The underground stem is called the rhizome.
- Reproduction - sexual or asexual (Alternation of Generations)
Class Cycadopsida (Cycads)
- Vascular, tracheophyte
- Has true roots, stems and leaves
- Palm-like plant
- Reproduce by seed in a form of cone
- Gymnosperm = "Naked Seed" (i.e. The seed is not enclosed in an ovary.)
- Reproduction - sexual or asexual (Alternation of Generations)
Class Ginkgopsida (Ginkgos)
- Example: maiden-hair tree
- Vascular, tracheophyte
- Has true roots, stems and leaves
- Fan-shaped deciduous leaves
- Reproduce by seed
- Gymnosperm = "Naked Seed" (i.e. The seed is not enclosed in an ovary.)
- Reproduction - sexual or asexual (Alternation of Generations)
Class Coniferopsida (Conifers)
- Examples: pine, oak, fir, cedar
- Vascular, tracheophyte
- Has true roots, stems and leaves
- Terrestrial
- Needle-like leaves
- Wind-pollinated
- Reproduce by seed in cone
- Gymnosperm = "Naked Seed" (i.e. The seed is not enclosed in an ovary.)
- Reproduction - sexual or asexual (Alternation of Generations)
Class Angiospermae (Flowering Plants)
- Examples : rose, iris, carrot, grasses, eucalypt
- Vascular, tracheophyte
- Has true roots, stems and leaves
- Aquatic or terrestrial
- Often insect-pollinated
- Angiosperm = "Enclosed Seed" (i.e. The seed is enclosed in an ovary.)
- When the male pollen of a flower pollinates the female egg in the ovary of a flower, a seed forms. Then the ovary enlarges into a fruit that forms around the seed.
- Reproduction - sexual or asexual (Alternation of Generations)
- There are 2 subclasses of Angiosperms - Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons.